Link Layer Switches & Bridges in Computer Networks
The concept of link layer switches and bridges in computer networks involves devices that operate at the data link layer of the OSI model to facilitate efficient data transmission between devices on a network.
Bridges
Function
Bridges connect multiple LANs (local area networks) to form a larger LAN, aggregating networks through network bridging.
Switching
When a data frame arrives at a bridge, it examines the frame's MAC address and forwards it to the destined port if valid; otherwise, it discards the frame.
Types of Bridging
Includes simple bridging, multi-port bridging, and learning or transparent bridging.
VLANs
Bridges can connect virtual LANs to create larger VLANs.
Wireless Networks
Wireless bridges are used for switching in wireless segments of bridged networks.
Switches
Definition
A switch is a multiport bridge with a buffer that operates at the data link layer, efficiently forwarding data between devices.
Types of Switches
Include unmanaged switches, managed switches, smart switches, Layer 2 switches, Layer 3 switches, PoE switches, Gigabit switches, rack-mounted switches, desktop switches, and modular switches.
Operation
Switches use MAC addresses to forward data, ensuring error-free transmission and selective forwarding of good packets.
Domain Division
Switches divide the collision domain of hosts, enhancing network performance.
In summary, link layer switches and bridges play crucial roles in network communication by connecting LANs, forwarding data frames based on MAC addresses, and improving network performance through efficient data transmission and domain division.